ticles of association, memorandum of association, by-law 均有公司章程的含义，美国与英国和加拿大等国的用法有一定的差异。Articles of association 在美国一般指组建公司时有关政府当局提交的公司简章，其内容简单，通常只包括公司名称，公司存在的时间、经营目的、股份数额、股票种类、董事姓名、地址；而在公司被批准成立后，公司内部管理等许多具体事项则由by-laws（或articles of amendment）予以规定，故by-laws 在美国即等同公司章程细则或公司内部章程（在英国或加拿大articles of amendment 是指公司体制等更改的规章）。在英国及加拿大，articles of association 是指公司章程细则或内部管理章程，而memorandum of association （或articles of incorporation）则是组建公司时向有关部门提交的公司组织大纲。相比之下，我国的公司组织章程是将公司简章和章程细则（或内部规章）合成一个文件，称为公司章程，因而，在翻译时，中国意义上的“公司章程”实际上等同于articles of association 加上by-laws （美式英语）或memorandum of association 加上articles of association（英式英语）。
（美国）公司章程Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws
1) 公司组织大纲
ARTICLES OFINCORPORATION
OF
__________________________________
××公司组织大纲
First：The name of this corporation is ________________________________.
第一条：本公司名称为______________________________________.
Second: The purpose of this corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which a corporation may be organized under the General Corporation Law of the state other than the banking business, the trust company business or the practice of a profession permitted to be incorporated by the State Corporations Code.
第二条：本公司的宗旨是从事××州一般公司法规定的公司能够从事的一切合法行为或活动。《××州公司法典》所规定的金融业务、信托公司业务或专业活动不属于本公司的业务范畴。
Third：The name and address in this state of the corporation’s initial agent for service of process is:
第三条：本公司发起人的姓名及其在本州送达通知的地址为：_____________________________________________________________________.
Fourth:This corporation is authorized to issue only one class of shares of stock which shall be designated common stock. The total number of shares it is authorized to issue is ____________ shares.
第四条：本公司仅有权发行一种股票，该股票为普通股。授权发行股票的总股额为××股。
Fifth:The name and addresses of the persons who are appointed to act as the initial directors of this corporation are:
第五条：被任命作为本公司第一任董事的人员的姓名和地址如下：
Name Address
姓名： 地址：
_______________________________ ___________________________________
________________________________ ___________________________________
________________________________ ____________________________________
_________________________________ _____________________________________
Sixth:The liability of the directors of the corporation for monetary damages shall be eliminated to the fullest extent permissible under the state law.
第六条公司董事对经济损失的责任应根据××州法律规定的最大限量予以减免。
Seventh：The corporation is authorized to indemnify the directors and officers of the corporation to the fullest extent permissible under the state law.
第七条本公司有权按照××州的法律规定的最大限量补偿公司董事和高级职员所受的损失。
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, being all the persons named above as the initial directors, have executed these Articles of Incorporation.
以下署名人（均为以上所列名公司的第一任董事）已在本公司大纲上签名。
特此证明。
Dated _____________________________ Signature ______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
日期： 签字：
The undersigned, being all the persons named above as the initial directors, declare that they are the persons who executed the foregoing Articles of Incorporation, which execution is their act and deed.
以下签署人（均为以上列名公司的第一任董事）声明，他们都是以上公司组织大纲的签署人，签署此大纲是他们的自愿行为。
Dated _____________________________ Signature ______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
日期： 签字：
2）股份公司内部管理章程
By-Laws
OF
_____________________________________
××公司内部管理章程
ARTICLE I -- OFFICES
· 公司机构
Section 1. The registered office of the corporation shall be at:
第1款 本公司注册机构位于：___________________________
The registered agent in charge thereof shall be: "Name".
负责注册的机构为：___________________________（机构名称）
Section 2. The corporation may also have offices at such other places as the Board of Directors may from time to time appoint or the business of the corporation may require.
第2款 公司也可在董事会随时指定的或应公司业务要求的其他地点设立机构。
ARTICLE II -- SEAL
第二条 印章
Section 1. The corporation seal shall have inscribed thereon the name of the corporation, the year of its organization and the words "Corporate Seal, "State"".
· 公司印章上须刻有公司名称、公司组建时间和“××州公司印章”的字样。
ARTICLE III -- STOCKHOLDERS' MEETINGS
第三条 股东大会
Section 1 Meetings of stockholders shall be held at the registered office of the corporation in this state or at such place, either within or without this state, as may be selected from time to time by the Board of Directors.
第1款股东大会必须在公司董事会随时指定的本州之内的公司注册机构或本州之内或以外的任何此种公司注册机构召开。
Section 2. Annual Meetings: The annual meeting of the stockholders shall be held ____________________ in each year if not a legal holiday, and if a legal holiday, then on the next secular day following at the same hour, when they shall elect a Board of Directors and transact such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting. If the annual meeting for election of directors is not held on the date designated therefore, the directors shall cause the meeting to be held as soon thereafter as convenient.
第2 款 年会：股东于每年非法定假日的×月×日×时举行年会以选举董事会和进行会议其他任何相关议题。如果该日期为法定日期，会议将在假日后的次日的相同时间举行。如果选举董事的年会没有在指定的日期进行，董事须在此日后方便的时间内尽早召开股东年会。
Section 3. Election of Directors: Elections of the directors of the corporation shall be by written ballot.
第3款 董事选举：公司董事的选举须采取书面投票的方式。
Section 4. Special Meetings: Special meetings of the stockholders may be called at any time by the Chairman, or the Board of Directors, or stockholders entitled to cast at least one-fifth of the votes which all stockholders are entitled to cast at the particular meeting. At any time, upon written request of any person or persons who have duly called a special meeting, it shall be the duty of the Secretary to fix the date of the meeting, to be held not more than sixty days after receipt of the request, and to give due notice thereof. If the Secretary shall neglect or refuse to fix the date of the meeting and give notice thereof, the person or persons calling the meeting may do so.
第4款临时股东大会：经董事长、董事会或所有的股东在临时股东大会上都有投票权时拥有至少本公司20%的投票权股东的提请方可召开临时股东大会。一旦董事长、董事会或股东提请书面申请召开临时股东大会，在提出申请60天内公司秘书须确定召开临时股东大会的日期并负责送达通知。如公司秘书疏忽或拒绝确定大会日期且不尽通知之义务的，则由任何提请召开临时股东大会的股东或董事等履行此等职责。
Business transacted at all special meetings shall be confined to the objects stated in the call and matters germane thereto, unless all stockholders entitled to vote are present and consent.
除具有投票权的所有股东都出席会议或经其同意以外，临时股东大会上的议题仅限于申请上的写明的议题而不处理其他议题。
Written notice of a special meeting of stockholders stating the time and place and object thereof, shall be given to each stockholder entitled to vote thereat at least 30 days before such meeting, unless a greater period of notice is required by statute in a particular case.
除立法规定特殊情况下需要更长时间的通知期以外，应至少在召开临时股东大会前30天里向每一位拥有投票权的股东发出书面通知书，此通知书必须写明开会的时间、地点及宗旨。
Section 5. Quorum: A majority of the outstanding shares of the corporation entitled to vote, represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at a meeting of stockholders. If less than a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote is represented at a meeting, a majority of the shares so represented may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally noticed. The stockholders present at a duly organized meeting may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum.
第5款法定人数：拥有半数以上具有表决权的股份的股东亲自出席或由他人代理出席即构成股东大会的法定人数。如出席会议的股东拥有的具有表决权的股份未过半数，可经拥有半数以上股份且出席会议的股东（亲自出席或由他人代理出席）表决而随时延期会议，不另行通知。如亲自出席或由他人代理出席延期会议的人数达到法定人数，仍可继续原定通知的会议议程。出席合法召开且达到法定人数的大会的股东，在出现与会股东退席而所剩者不足法定人数时仍可继续进行会议议程。
Section 6. Proxies: Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders or to express consent or dissent to corporate action in writing without a meeting may authorize another person or persons to act for him by proxy, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period.
第6款 委托代理：股东大会上任何拥有投票权和对公司的决定具有表决权的股东未出席会议时，可授权一人或多人代理行事。此委托书自签订之日起三年后失效，委托书另有规定期限的除外。
A duly executed proxy shall be irrevocable if it states that it is irrevocable and if, and only as long as, it is coupled with an interest sufficient in law to support an irrevocable power. A proxy may be made irrevocable regardless of whether the interest with which it is coupled is an interest in the stock itself or an interest in the corporation generally. All proxies shall be filed with the Secretary of the meeting before being voted upon.
如委托书明文规定是不可撤销，且只要此委托书同法律规定的利益相符足以支持不可撤销的效力，则此合法订立的委托书为不可撤销的委托书。无论此委托书只符合股份的利益还是符合整个公司的利益都可以是不可撤销的。委托书应在投票表决前提交股东大会的秘书处
Section 7. Notice of Meetings: Whenever stockholders are required or permitted to take any action at a meeting, a written notice of the meeting shall be given which shall state the place, date and hour of the meeting, and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. Unless otherwise provided by law, written notice of any meeting shall be given not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting.
第7款股东大会开会通知：如须股东参加会议，无论何时都要做出书面通知，此通知书上应写明开会地点、日期和时间。如果召开临时股东大会还须写明召开会议的目的。除法律另有规定，会议的书面通知书应于最迟不得晚于开会前10天，最早不得先于开会前60天送达给股东大会有表决权的每个股东处。
Section 8 Consent in Lieu of Meetings: Any action required to be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders or a corporation, or any action which may be taken at any annual or special meeting of such stockholders, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted. Prompt notice of the taking of the corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing.
第8 款同意代替与会的权利：凡股东或公司年会或临时大会规定的行为，或股东年会或临时股东大会规定的行为，经已发行股份的持有人签署书面同意书后，即可不用开会不经事先通知或投票就采取。已发行股份持有人的票数应不少于所有具有表决权的股东都出席会议并投票表决时为采取行为而规定的最少票数。如不经过书面一致同意而做出不用开会即采取行为决定的通知应及时送达给未做出书面同意书的股东
Section 9 List of Stockholders: The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. No share of stock upon which any installment is due and unpaid shall be voted at any meeting. The list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten days prior to the meeting, either at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held, which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting, or, if not so specified, at the place where the meeting is to be held. The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present.
第9款股东登记表：负责公司股东名册的高级职员至少必须于股东会议十天前准备或制作一个完整的拥有表决权的股东登记表。此登记表按字母排序，须写明每个股东的地址和以各自名义登记的股份数额。任何会议上都不得对分期付款中到期但未支付的股票份额进行表决。股东至少可以在通知书规定的开会的城市（如无具体规定则定于开会地点）于开会前十天里每天的营业时间内就与会议相关的事项审查登记表。此登记表须在开会期间应保留在开会地点以便出席会议的股东查询。
ARTICLE IV -- DIRECTORS
第四条董事会
Section 1. The business and affairs of this corporation shall be managed by its Board of Directors, ____ in number. The directors need not be residents of this state or stockholders in the corporation. They shall be elected by the stockholders at the annual meeting of stockholders of the corporation, and each director shall be elected for the term of one year, and until his successor shall be elected and shall qualify or until his earlier resignation or removal.
第1款 公司的业务及事务由董事会管理。董事×人。公司董事不必是本州的居民或公司的股东。董事必须由股东在股东大会年会上选举产生,任期为一年直到选出新的董事胜任或到其辞职或免职为止。
Section 2. Regular Meetings: Regular meetings of the Board shall be held without notice, at least quarterly, at the registered office of the corporation, or at such other time and place as shall be determined by the Board.
第2款 例会：董事例会应在公司注册办事处至少每季度举行一次，或者在董事会决定召开的时间和地点举行。此种例会不做另行通知。
Section 3. Special Meetings: Special Meetings of the Board may be called by the Chairman on 2 days notice to each director, either personally or by mail, fax or by telegram; special meetings shall be called by the President or Secretary in like manner and on like notice on the written request of a majority of the directors in office.
第3款 临时会议： 董事会临时会议可由董事长提请召开。其负责提前两天用邮件、传真或电报的方式通知各个董事。临时会议也可由总经理或秘书应多数在任董事的要求以同样的方式提请召开，并以同样的方式做出通知。
Section 4. Quorum: A majority of the total number of directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business.
第4款 法定人数：多数董事必须达到处理公司事务的法定人数。
Section 5. Consent in Lieu of Meeting: Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors, or of any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board of committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing, and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board or committee. The Board of Directors may hold its meetings, and have an office or offices, outside of this state.
第5款同意代替与会的权利：凡董事会或委员会规定或许可的行为，只要经过全体董事成员的书面同意，即可不用开会就采取。此书面同意书必须同董事会会议记录事项一起存档。董事会可召开在本州以外地区会议并设立办事处。
Section 6. Conference Telephone: One or more directors may participate in a meeting of the Board, or a committee of the Board or of the stockholders, by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other; participation in this manner shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.
第6款会议电话：董事可以通过会议电话或其他类似的能够让与会的人交流的通讯设备参加董事会、董事委员会及股东委员会的会议。以此种方式参加会议的应视为亲自出席了会议。
Section 7. Compensation： Directors as such, shall not receive any stated salary for their services, but by resolution of the Board, a fixed sum and expenses of attendance at each regular or special meeting of the Board PROVIDED, that nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any director from serving the corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.
第7款 报酬：董事本身不领取服务薪金，但董事会可以通过决议，同意支付一笔固定的款额作为董事参加例会和临时会议的报酬。本章程的任何规定不得限制董事以其他方式为公司服务并由此获得同样的报酬。
Section 8. Removal: Any director or the entire Board of Directors may be removed, with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of the shares then entitled to vote at an election of directors。
第8款免职：任何董事或整个董事会都可经持有多数表决权股份的股东在选举董事时有因或无故被免职。
ARTICLE V -- OFFICERS
第五条高级职员
Section 1. The executive officers of the corporation shall be chosen by the directors and shall be a Chairman, President, Secretary and Chief Financial Officer. The Board of Directors may also choose a one or more Vice Presidents and such other officers as it shall deem necessary. Any number of offices may be held by the same person.
第1款公司的高级行政人员包括董事长、总经理、秘书和财务主管应由董事会挑选。董事会认为有必要的还可以挑选一名或几名副总经理和其它高级职员。准许一人兼任数职。
Section 2. Salaries: Salaries of all officers and agents of the corporation shall be fixed by the Board of Directors.
第2款 薪金：公司高级职员和其代理人的薪金由董事会规定。
Section 3. Term of Office: The officers of the corporation shall hold office for one year and until their successors are chosen and have qualified. Any officer or agent elected or appointed by the Board may be removed by the Board of Directors whenever in its judgment the best interest of the corporation will be served thereby.
第3款任期：公司高级职员的任期为一年，直到选出新的职员胜任为止。董事会从最能符合公司利益角度出发可以随时对于其选出或指定的任何职员或代理人进行免职。
Section 4. Chairman: The Chairman shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and directors; he shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board are carried into effect, subject, however, to the right of the directors to delegate any specific powers, except such as may be by statute exclusively conferred on the Chairman, to any other officer or officers of the corporation. He shall execute bonds, mortgages and other contracts requiring a seal, under the seal of the corporation. He shall be EX-OFFICIO a member of all committees.
第4款 董事长：董事长负责主持股东大会和董事会会议。董事长听从其他被授予某些特殊权力的董事和公司其他高级职员的决定，负责执行董事决议和决定。条例规定专门授予董事长的权力除外。董事长持有公司印章，负责签署债券、抵押契据和其它需要盖有公司印章的合同。董事长是所有委员会中的当然委员。
Section 5. President: The President shall attend all sessions of the Board. The President shall be the chief executive officer of the corporation; he shall have general and active management of the business of the corporation, subject, however, to the right of the directors to delegate any specific powers, except such as may be by statute exclusively conferred on the President, to any other officer or officers of the corporation. He shall have the general power and duties of supervision and management usually vested in the office of President of a corporation.
第5款总经理 总经理须参加董事会的所有会议。总经理是公司主要的行政官员，必须听从被赋予特殊权力的董事或公司其他高级职员的决定（条例专门赋予总经理的权力除外），积极负责控制公司的总体业务。
Section 7. Secretary: The Secretary shall attend all sessions of the Board and all meetings at the stockholders and act as clerk thereof, and record all the votes of the corporation and the minutes of all its transactions in a book to be kept for that purpose, and shall perform like duties for all committees of the Board of Directors when required. He shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or President, and under whose supervision he shall be. He shall keep in safe custody the corporate seal of the corporation, and when authorized by the Board, affix the same to any instrument requiring it.
第7款秘书：秘书须以职员的身份出席董事会的会议和股东大会。出席会议时秘书须履行在簿记上记录公司的表决情况和议程的义务，以备董事会的委员会需要。秘书负责送发或叫人送发应当予以通知的所有股东大会和董事会的通知书，还负责履行按照董事会或总经理规定的其他义务。秘书受到董事会和总经理的监督。秘书负责掌握公司印章，经董事会授权时，在所需盖章的文件上盖章
Section 6. Chief Financial Officer: The Chief Financial Officer shall have custody of the corporate funds and securities and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the corporation, and shall keep the moneys of the corporation in separate account to the credit of the corporation. He shall disburse the funds of the corporation as may be ordered by the Board, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to the President and directors, at the regular meetings of the Board, or whenever they may require it, an account of all his transactions as Chief Financial Officer and of the financial condition of the corporation.
第6 款财务总监：财务总监应妥善管理公司资金和证券，在公司的簿记上完整无误的记载公司的收支情况，并以公司的名义将公司的资金划入单独的账号。财务总监须在董事会的命令下支付公司的开支，并妥善保管支付的收据。在董事的例行会议或应董事会要求时，财务总监须向总经理和董事会说明自己作为财务总监时所履行的一切活动以及公司的财务状况。
ARTICLE VI -- VACANCIES
第六条空缺
Section 1. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the corporation by death, resignation, removal or otherwise shall be filled by the Board of Directors. Vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, although not less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. If at any time, by reason of death or resignation or other cause, the corporation should have no directors in office, then any officer or any stockholder or an executor, administrator, trustee or guardian of a stockholder, or other fiduciary entrusted with like responsibility for the person or estate of stockholder, may call a special meeting of stockholders in accordance with the provisions of these By-Laws.
第1款公司中的任何职位因职员死亡、辞职、免职或其它原因而出现空缺时，应当经董事会同意填补。由于法定董事数额的增加而产生的空缺或新的董事职位可由虽然未达到法定人数但已过半数的在任董事的同意或经唯一在任的董事同意填补。如因死亡、辞职或其它原因导致公司没有在任董事时，公司的任何高级职员、股东、或股东的受托人、管理人、信托人或监护人根据公司章程的规定召开临时股东大会。
Section 2. Resignations Effective at Future Date: When one or more directors shall resign from the Board, effective at a future date, a majority of the directors then in office, including those who have so resigned, shall have power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect when such resignation or resignations shall become effective.
第2款远期生效的辞呈：一名或多名董事向董事会提交辞呈的，如果辞呈生效日期在将来的某一时间的，多数在任董事包括提交辞呈的董事有权选举填补此空缺，选举结果自辞呈生效日期起生效。
ARTICLE VII -- CORPORATE RECORDS
· 公司档案
Section 1. Any stockholder of record, in person or by attorney or other agent, shall, upon written demand under oath stating the purpose thereof, have the right during the usual hours for business to inspect for any proper purpose the corporation's stock ledger, a list of its stockholders, and its other books and records, and to make copies or extracts therefrom. A proper purpose shall mean a purpose reasonably related to such person's interest as a stockholder. In every instance where an attorney or other agent shall be the person who seeks the right to inspection, the demand under oath shall be accompanied by a power of attorney or such other writing which authorizes the attorney or other agent to so act on behalf of the stockholder. The demand under oath shall be directed to the corporation at its registered office in this state or at its principal place of business.
第1款任何股东有正当理由的情况下，都有权由本人或委托或由其他代理人在通常业务时间内检查公司的股东名册、股东登记表和其它的账簿及档案，并且享有复印权和摘录权。有正当理由即意味着此种检查必须与该股东的利益相关。若委托人或其他代理人是寻求检查权的人时，提交宣誓请求书必须附有委托书或其他授权于委托人或代理人的其它书面文件。宣誓请求书应送到公司在本州的登记注册地或主要营业地。
ARTICLE VIII -- STOCK CERTIFICATES, DIVIDENDS, ETC.
· 股票、红利等
Section 1. The stock certificates of the corporation shall be numbered and registered in the share ledger and transfer books of the corporation as they are issued. They shall bear the corporate seal and shall be signed by the President.
第1款公司股票必须编号并在发行股票的公司的股份帐簿和过户登记簿上予以登记。股票上须盖有公司印章并经公司董事长签字。
Section 2. Transfers: Transfers of shares shall be made on the books of the corporation upon surrender of the certificates therefore, endorsed by the person named in the certificate or by attorney, lawfully constituted in writing. No transfer shall be made which is inconsistent with law.
第2款股份的转让：股份转让须提交由股票上记载姓名的人或其代理人的合法背书的股票，并在公司的登记簿上予以登记。股票转让必须符合法律规定。
Section 3. Lost Certificate: The corporation may issue a new certificate of stock in the place of any certificate theretofore signed by it, alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, and the corporation may require the owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or his auhorized agent to give the corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify it against any claim that may be made against it on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of such new certificate.
第3款股份证书丢失：公司可以签发新的股份证书以替代由其签发的但已丢失、被盗或毁损的股份证书，但是公司可以要求丢失、被盗或毁损的股份证书的持有人或其法务代表人向公司支付担保金以补偿由声称丢失、被盗、或毁损的股份证书和签发新的股份证书引起的向公司提起的损失赔偿。
Section 4. Record Date: In order that the corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or the express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix, in advance, a record date, which shall not be more than sixty nor less than ten days before the date of such meeting, nor more than sixty days prior to any other action.
第4款登记日期：为了使公司能够确定在股东大会或延期会议上股东是否有被通知权和表决权，是否是没有开会而以书面同意而采取行为的，是否有权得到任何红利或有权享受任何权利，是否有权为了其他合法的目的而行使任何交易、兑换或股票交易的权利，董事会应提前确立一个登记日期。此登记日期不得早于会议前60天，也不得晚于会议前10天，对于其他的行为，则不得早于行为前60天登记。
If no record date is fixed:
如没有确立登记日期的：
(a) The record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stock- holders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given,--or if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held.
（1）决定股东是否有被通知权或表决权的登记日期须在业务结束后第二天与通知送达的前一天之间确立，若放弃被通知权的，应于业务结束后第二天与会议开始前一天之间确定。
(b) The record date for determining stockholders entitled to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board of Directors is necessary, shall be the day on which the first written consent is expressed.
（2）决定股东是否有权不参加会议而以书面同意采取行为的登记日期，若董事会无需采取事先行为时，应于第一次签署同意书的日期为准
(c) The record date for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.
（3）为其他目的决定股东是否有权的登记日期应以董事会做出相关决议当天办公结束时为准。
(d) A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.
（4）有关股东在股东大会上是否享有被通知权或表决权的登记日期决定适用于任何延期会议。然而董事会为延期会议确立新的登记日期的除外。
Section 5. Dividends: The Board of Directors may declare and pay dividends upon the outstanding shares of the corporation from time to time and to such extent as they deem advisable, in the manner and upon the terms and conditions provided by the statute and the Certificate of Incorporation.
第5款 股息：董事会应以公司流通在外的股票按照他们视为可行的限度和公司条例和章程规定的条件和方式宣布股息并发放股息。
Section 6. Reserves: Before payment of any dividend there may be set aside out of the net profits of the corporation such sum or sums as the directors, from time to time, in their absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve fund to meet contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any property of the corporation, or for such other purpose as the directors shall think conducive to the interests of the corporation, and the directors may abolish any such reserve in the manner in which it was created.
第6款储备金：在发放股息之前，董事会可从公司的净赢利中留存一笔其认为恰当的款项作为储备金。董事会可自由酌处将此笔储备金用于应付不能预见的意外事件、平均股息、修整或维护公司财产、或者董事们认为为了公司利益而进行的其它行为。董事还可以以同样的方式扣除储备金。
ARTICLE IX -- MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
· 其他规定
Section 1. Checks: All checks or demands for money and notes of the corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate.
第1款支票：公司的支票或公司的债券须经过董事会随时指定的职员签字。
Section 2. Fiscal Year: The fiscal year shall begin on the first day of January.
第2 款 财政年度： 每一财政年度应于每年1月1日开始计算。
Section 3. Notice: Whenever written notice is required to be given to any person, it may be given to such person, either personally or by sending a copy thereof through the mail, by fax, or by telegram, charges prepaid, to his address appearing on the books of the corporation, or supplied by him to the corporation for the purpose of notice. If the notice is sent by mail, fax or by telegraph, it shall be deemed to have been given to the person entitled thereto when deposited in the United States mail, faxed or with a telegraph office for transmission to such person. Such notice shall specify the place, day and hour of the meeting and, in the case of a special meeting of stockholders, the general nature of the business to be transacted.
第3 款 通知：如果需要对任何人做出书面通知时，此种通知书应按公司登记簿上登记的地址或该人所提供的用于通知的地址亲自投送或通过邮寄、传真、或已付费的电报的方式投送。如通知以邮寄、传真或电报的方式送达的，一旦在美国交付邮寄、传真或交付给电报处传送的，自交付起即为已送达给了该人。此通知书应写明大会的地点、具体日期和时间。如果召开临时股东大会，还须写明会议大体议程。
Section 4. Waiver of Notice: Whenever any written notice is required by statute, or by the Certificate or the By-Laws of this corporation a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to such notice,whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to the giving of such notice. Except in the case of a special meeting of stockholders, neither the business to be transacted at nor the purpose of the meeting need be specified in the waiver of notice of such meeting. Attendance of a person either in person or by proxy, at any meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where a person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business because the meeting was not lawfully called or convened.
第4款放弃被通知权 条例或公司的章程中规定需要书面通知的，若有权接受通知书者签署了书面协议放弃被通知权的，无论是签署日期前还是签署日期后，均应被视为与已送达通知书一样有效。除非举行临时股东大会，否则放弃被通知权的书面文件中不必具体陈述大会的议程和开会的目的。任何人亲自出席或由他人代理出席会议即构成放弃了被通知该会议的权利，但因未合法召开会议，出席会议的人是为了明确表示其拒绝任何议程的目的而出席会议时除外。
Section 5. Disallowed Compensation: Any payments made to an officer or employee of the corporation such as a salary, commission, bonus, interest, rent, travel or entertainment expense incurred by him, which shall be disallowed in whole or in part as a deductible expense by the Internal Revenue Service, shall be reimbursed by such officer or employee to the corporation to the full extent of such disallowance. It shall be the duty of the directors, as a Board, to enforce payment of each such amount disallowed. In lieu of payment by the officer or employee, subject to the determination of the directors, proportionate amounts may be withheld from his future compensation payments until the amount owed to the corporation has been recovered.
第5款 禁止的补偿金公司支付给公司职员或雇员任何费用如薪金、佣金、奖金、福利、租金、其差旅费及公关费，国内税收署认为是可减免的花费而全部或部分禁止的，应该由该职员或雇员向公司做出最大限度的偿付。由公司的董事决定支付每一笔禁止的款额。公司董事可决定是否从其职员将来的补偿金中扣除适量的款额直到对公司的欠款还清为止，而可以不由该职员或雇员直接支付。
Section 6. Resignations: Any director or other officer may resign at anytime, such resignation to be in writing, and to take effect from the time of its receipt by the corporation, unless some time be fixed in the resignation and then from that date. The acceptance of a resignation shall not be required to make it effective.
第6款 辞职：各个董事及其他员工可随时辞职，辞职时须递交书面辞呈。此辞呈自公司接收之时起生效。如辞呈中写明生效日期的则从其规定。接受辞呈不是使其生效的必要条件。
ARTICLE X -- ANNUAL STATEMENT
· 年度报表
Section 1. The President and Board of Directors shall present at each annual meeting a full and complete statement of the business and affairs of the corporation for the preceding year. Such statement shall be prepared and presented in whatever manner the Board of Directors shall deem advisable and need not be verified by a certified public accountant.
第1 款 每一届年会上公司的董事长和董事会都应提交一份全面而详细的年度报表，说明上一年度公司的业务情况。年度报表可以以董事会认为可行的方式提交而不需要注册会计师的核实。
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